Langue |
Grec |
Auteur |
Dion Chrysostome |
Références |
Sur la royauté (discours III) , 48 |
Sujet |
A propos des 3 formes de gouvernement dégénérées : tyrannie; oligarchie; démagogie |
Descripteurs |
gouvernement; tyrannie; oligarchie; populace; démagogie; lois; |
Hypertexte |
http://mercure.fltr.ucl.ac.be/Hodoi/concordances/intro.htm#Dion_chrysostome |
Extrait Grec |
(48) τρισὶ δὲ ταύταις, ὥσπερ εἴρηται, πολιτείαις τρεῖς ἐναντίαι {καὶ} παράνομοι
διαφθοραί, ἡ μὲν πρώτη {τε καὶ ἀρίστη καὶ μόνη δυνατή}, τυραννίς, ἑνὸς ὕβρει
καὶ βίᾳ τοῦ κακίστου τῶν ἄλλων ἀπολλυμένων· ἡ δὲ μετ´ ἐκείνην ὀλιγαρχία,
σκληρὰ καὶ ἄδικος πλεονεξία πλουσίων τινῶν καὶ πονηρῶν ὀλίγων ἐπὶ τοὺς
πολλοὺς καὶ ἀπόρους συστᾶσα·
(49) ἡ δὲ ἑξῆς ποικίλη καὶ παντοδαπὴ φορὰ πλήθους οὐδὲν εἰδότος ἁπλῶς,
ταραττομένου δὲ ἀεὶ καὶ ἀγριαίνοντος ὑπὸ ἀκολάστων δημαγωγῶν, ὥσπερ
κλύδωνος ἀγρίου καὶ χαλεποῦ ὑπὸ ἀνέμων σκληρῶν μεταβαλλομένου.
|
Traduction française |
(48) To these forms of government—three in number, as I have said—are opposed
three degenerate forms not based on law : The first is " tyranny," where one
man's high-handed use of force is the ruin of the others. Next comes oligarchy, harsh
and unjust, arising from the aggrandizement of a certain few wealthy rascals at the
expense of the needy masses.
The next in order is a motley impulsive mob of all sorts and conditions of men who
know absolutely nothing but are always kept in a state of confusion and anger by
unscrupulous demagogues, just as a wild rough sea is whipped this way and that by
the fierce blasts.
Trad. anglaise : J.W. COHOON - H. Lamar CROSBY, Dio Chrysostom. Vol. I. London, Heinemann, 1932 |
Date : |
28-11-2007 |
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